1948 2025 1948 0.454 0.047 -0.135 -0.469 -0.950 -1.004 -1.109 -0.910 -0.415 -0.312 -0.354 -0.303 1949 0.018 0.049 0.251 0.556 0.440 -0.130 -0.232 -0.458 -0.498 -0.087 0.119 0.283 1950 0.624 0.445 0.382 0.311 0.124 0.213 0.293 0.316 0.564 0.690 0.993 1.239 1951 1.315 1.460 1.590 1.457 1.615 1.627 1.521 1.493 1.255 0.799 0.492 0.294 1952 0.168 -0.293 -0.368 -0.374 -0.568 -0.719 -0.702 -0.703 -0.704 -0.449 -0.566 -0.167 1953 -0.027 0.150 0.325 0.550 0.428 0.532 0.409 0.196 0.121 0.129 -0.425 -0.537 1954 -0.655 -1.249 -1.787 -1.702 -1.839 -1.799 -1.338 -0.981 -0.606 -0.464 -0.189 0.081 1955 0.316 0.489 0.619 0.358 0.399 0.319 0.045 0.147 0.346 0.411 0.545 0.840 1956 1.092 1.119 0.977 0.992 0.982 0.723 0.707 0.766 0.660 0.341 -0.035 -0.111 1957 0.090 0.261 0.651 1.410 1.734 1.620 1.606 1.413 0.984 0.631 0.137 -0.270 1958 -0.639 -0.523 -0.565 -0.258 -0.005 -0.042 -0.230 -0.244 -0.337 -0.594 -0.503 -0.599 1959 -0.468 -0.319 -0.130 0.102 0.094 -0.246 -0.387 -0.384 -0.308 -0.109 0.184 0.364 1960 0.439 0.095 -0.050 -0.262 -0.521 -0.602 -0.409 -0.493 -0.487 -0.507 -0.357 -0.076 1961 0.146 0.325 0.468 0.230 -0.237 -0.396 -0.583 -0.489 -0.312 0.058 0.370 0.617 1962 0.328 -0.103 -0.282 -0.711 -0.999 -0.853 -0.498 -0.610 -0.536 -0.482 -0.321 -0.306 1963 -0.127 -0.111 0.063 0.003 -0.100 -0.251 -0.173 -0.367 -0.625 -0.722 -0.930 -1.273 1964 -1.342 -1.304 -1.544 -1.424 -1.178 -0.993 -0.526 0.019 0.473 0.781 0.909 0.879 1965 1.119 1.393 1.838 2.175 2.209 2.019 1.484 0.758 0.214 -0.107 -0.336 -0.560 1966 -1.127 -1.485 -1.806 -2.177 -2.362 -2.009 -1.867 -1.699 -1.408 -1.178 -0.774 -0.224 1967 -0.079 -0.022 -0.139 -0.461 -0.973 -1.253 -1.449 -1.543 -1.674 -1.723 -1.619 -1.545 1968 -1.335 -1.172 -1.108 -1.245 -1.197 -1.071 -0.690 -0.534 -0.442 -0.398 -0.785 -1.508 1969 -1.509 -1.156 -0.713 0.053 0.622 0.491 0.191 -0.100 -0.463 -0.500 -0.303 -0.348 1970 -0.773 -1.024 -1.386 -1.721 -1.993 -1.865 -1.723 -1.284 -0.959 -0.276 0.231 0.454 1971 0.566 0.862 0.692 0.400 0.397 0.211 0.100 0.097 0.145 0.087 0.221 0.259 1972 0.447 0.576 0.661 0.851 1.134 1.520 1.659 1.642 1.482 1.186 0.600 0.122 1973 -0.293 -0.675 -1.108 -1.220 -1.119 -0.855 -0.561 -0.038 0.501 1.149 1.717 1.969 1974 2.145 2.129 1.962 1.728 1.703 1.502 1.229 0.890 0.824 0.636 0.479 0.361 1975 0.600 0.749 0.855 0.949 1.337 1.460 1.503 1.734 1.933 1.984 1.946 1.909 1976 1.725 1.727 1.697 1.813 2.059 2.355 2.206 1.882 1.353 0.809 0.303 0.066 1977 -0.165 -0.266 -0.445 -0.658 -0.907 -1.185 -1.527 -1.733 -1.947 -2.106 -1.912 -1.635 1978 -1.571 -1.283 -1.000 -0.983 -0.905 -0.785 -0.732 -0.616 -0.349 -0.084 0.022 -0.188 1979 -0.343 -0.309 -0.347 -0.187 0.067 0.333 0.440 0.462 0.302 0.007 -0.285 -0.758 1980 -1.073 -1.201 -1.040 -0.996 -1.039 -1.039 -1.018 -1.135 -1.284 -1.291 -1.393 -1.425 1981 -1.350 -1.094 -0.835 -0.558 -0.496 -0.464 -0.533 -0.604 -0.708 -0.668 -0.520 -0.404 1982 -0.565 -0.753 -0.931 -1.271 -1.319 -0.955 -0.406 0.021 0.871 1.535 1.870 1.913 1983 2.096 2.332 2.673 3.352 4.140 4.638 4.557 4.210 3.640 2.955 2.301 1.739 1984 1.335 1.111 0.766 0.514 0.336 0.139 -0.236 -0.186 0.165 0.594 0.620 0.720 1985 0.783 0.443 -0.017 -0.175 -0.404 -0.810 -1.019 -1.081 -1.140 -1.053 -0.798 -0.515 1986 -0.477 -0.409 -0.430 -0.816 -1.099 -1.197 -1.454 -1.556 -1.402 -1.248 -1.098 -0.733 1987 -0.569 -0.174 -0.010 -0.120 -0.199 -0.286 -0.594 -0.736 -0.788 -0.821 -0.910 -0.976 1988 -1.223 -1.148 -1.086 -1.134 -1.066 -0.921 -0.856 -0.490 0.341 0.939 1.711 2.441 1989 2.535 2.291 1.817 1.242 0.594 0.233 -0.139 -0.082 -0.134 -0.264 -0.481 -0.586 1990 -0.950 -1.169 -1.237 -1.228 -1.502 -1.601 -1.700 -1.934 -2.083 -1.968 -1.851 -1.754 1991 -1.537 -1.643 -1.554 -1.553 -1.503 -1.624 -1.418 -1.391 -1.237 -1.258 -1.114 -1.093 1992 -1.002 -0.732 -0.381 -0.294 -0.392 -0.480 -0.912 -1.192 -1.226 -1.098 -1.054 -0.831 1993 -0.746 -0.630 -0.404 -0.273 -0.383 -0.529 -0.784 -0.935 -1.137 -1.135 -1.046 -0.826 1994 -1.097 -1.277 -1.463 -1.800 -2.347 -2.666 -2.618 -2.445 -2.277 -1.857 -1.313 -1.182 1995 -1.499 -1.744 -2.076 -2.374 -2.405 -2.145 -1.806 -1.333 -0.849 -0.595 -0.335 -0.059 1996 0.021 -0.294 -0.398 -0.779 -1.188 -1.344 -1.233 -1.266 -1.073 -1.019 -1.100 -0.970 1997 -0.680 -0.464 0.051 0.742 1.314 1.830 2.386 2.785 2.961 3.262 3.195 3.080 1998 2.942 2.958 2.815 2.788 2.745 2.636 2.193 1.922 1.789 1.904 2.073 2.508 1999 2.577 2.338 2.029 1.512 0.883 0.539 0.313 0.200 0.269 0.484 0.682 1.276 2000 1.570 2.016 2.037 1.683 1.131 0.648 0.012 -0.251 -0.224 0.036 0.269 0.618 2001 0.921 1.144 0.812 0.329 -0.350 -1.087 -1.910 -2.232 -2.239 -2.123 -2.084 -1.637 2002 -1.186 -0.929 -0.803 -0.918 -1.280 -1.757 -2.067 -2.169 -1.903 -1.552 -1.383 -1.289 2003 -1.484 -1.700 -1.983 -2.153 -2.241 -1.986 -1.917 -1.769 -1.499 -1.169 -1.168 -0.940 2004 -0.809 -0.860 -1.210 -1.466 -1.850 -2.169 -2.410 -2.342 -2.137 -1.832 -1.708 -1.606 2005 -1.816 -1.851 -1.721 -1.641 -1.458 -1.143 -1.220 -1.501 -1.618 -1.609 -1.324 -0.555 2006 -0.077 0.151 0.196 -0.098 -0.692 -0.967 -0.990 -0.869 -0.729 -0.715 -0.626 -0.531 2007 -0.783 -1.016 -1.261 -1.697 -1.950 -2.087 -2.006 -1.763 -1.315 -0.916 -0.132 0.760 2008 1.509 2.104 2.289 2.138 1.695 1.329 0.942 0.771 0.687 0.745 0.780 0.834 2009 0.655 0.533 0.231 -0.157 -0.490 -0.589 -0.946 -1.282 -1.662 -1.926 -2.151 -2.168 2010 -2.205 -1.880 -1.447 -0.999 -0.795 -0.326 -0.075 0.038 0.229 0.723 1.110 1.551 2011 1.584 1.637 1.555 1.279 0.919 0.824 0.441 0.259 0.184 0.333 0.579 1.165 2012 1.288 1.455 1.360 1.240 0.887 0.517 0.020 -0.480 -0.989 -1.280 -1.280 -0.999 2013 -0.753 -0.794 -1.008 -1.304 -1.778 -2.053 -2.055 -1.738 -1.506 -1.063 -0.541 -0.361 2014 -0.568 -0.565 -0.573 -0.748 -0.531 -0.327 -0.404 -0.582 -0.819 -1.107 -1.380 -1.553 2015 -1.723 -1.789 -1.578 -1.221 -0.703 -0.357 -0.031 0.066 -0.062 -0.166 -0.244 -0.506 2016 -0.807 -1.004 -1.125 -1.217 -1.244 -1.086 -0.774 -0.490 -0.232 0.109 0.321 0.599 2017 0.904 0.862 0.681 0.324 -0.325 -1.122 -1.598 -1.870 -1.975 -1.847 -1.663 -1.203 2018 -1.179 -1.171 -1.204 -1.373 -1.688 -1.809 -1.845 -1.898 -1.715 -1.562 -1.146 -0.858 2019 -0.896 -0.875 -0.978 -1.412 -1.885 -1.936 -2.309 -2.674 -2.594 -2.413 -2.404 -2.171 2020 -2.005 -1.880 -1.700 -1.606 -1.790 -1.532 -1.511 -1.370 -1.095 -0.479 -0.052 0.379 2021 0.478 0.367 0.083 -0.271 -0.569 -0.713 -0.636 -0.486 -0.459 -0.385 -0.443 -0.545 2022 -0.475 -0.423 -0.397 -0.346 -0.185 -0.076 -0.014 -0.046 0.016 0.138 0.120 0.320 2023 0.663 1.237 1.404 1.502 1.484 1.312 0.677 0.362 0.041 -0.282 -0.704 -0.801 2024 -1.228 -1.568 -1.882 -2.089 -2.368 -2.369 -2.354 -2.178 -1.843 -1.324 -0.792 -0.126 2025 0.393 0.598 0.553 0.425 0.086 -99.990 -99.990 -99.990 -99.990 -99.990 -99.990 -99.990 -99.99 TNI Nina 1.2-Nino4 standardized HadSST1.1 for entire time-series Reference: Indices of El Nino Evolution Kevin E. Trenberth, and David P. Stepaniak J. Climate, 14, 1697-1701. From NOAA PSL: See url for latest info https://psl.noaa.gov/data/climateindices/List/#TNI